Hamas Victory

The worldwide network should proceed with its prohibitive arrangements towards Hamas significantly after it has recorded colossal triumphs in the Palestinian’s political race. Hamas has in the past proclaimed its open antagonistic vibe standard towards Israel its inclinations particularly in the Middle East. Except if it straightforwardly criticizes such thoughts, it should keep on being treated as a psychological militant gathering. Hamas is likewise alluded to as the Islamic Resistance Movement. It rehearses both gathering legislative issues and militarism. It is its later crucial has considered its to be as a fear based oppressor association by countries, for example, United States, Australia, Canada, United Kingdom and Israel among others. The European Union has additionally boycotted it for showing fear based oppressor inclinations. It is presently having its snapshot of greatness in Palestine having recorded amazement wins in the parliamentary decisions that shocked numerous particularly over the western world (Levitt, Matthew, 2006). The historical backdrop of Hamas goes back to 1987. Its development is known to have been enlivened the Muslim fraternity, a gathering presumed to have submitted innumerable psychological militant acts towards the Israelis. Hamas is said to have been shaped by Sheik Ahmed Yassin with a sole goal of demolishing the province of Israel and compelling its complete withdrawal from the contested Palestine domain. This is the thing that its contract specifies. It is credited for having been the driving force and culprit of viciousness against the Israelis and their inclinations everywhere throughout the world, these demonstrations are distributed without risk of punishment just approached to that of al Qaeda. Along with Al Qaeda, Hamas drives the rundown of the most exceedingly terrible psychological oppressor associations on the planet (James L. Gelvin, 2005). In the wake of winning the races in 2006 and accepting force, it gave a multi year ceasefire to Israel and vowing to give up briefly, its self destruction missions if the later pulled back from the contested domains of Gaza, Jerusalem and West bank. This anyway was not the main ceasefire as again in 2004, it had offered a détente if Israel could absolutely pull back from the domains it caught during the Six Days War. This détente anyway was not held for long as it assaulted Israel later in August 2005. Hamas had quit the presidential political decision in 2005 running for the metropolitan ones where it assumed responsibility for some significant regions. In the parliamentary races the next year, it had the option to collect more than 42 percent making sure about lion's share seats. Hamas has been blaming Israel for abusing the specifications on the guide that had placed the development of a Palestinian express, its quarrel isn't constrained to Israel just yet in addition to the United States and is prepared to wage psychological militant assaults against the U.S in 2006 for instance, an announcement gave by the Hamas authorities however later denied, asked the Muslims to target America and its inclinations everywhere throughout the world, blaming it for offering money related and strategic help to the Israelis. Hamas authorities however, have never taken ownership of any assault against the United States or to some other nation separated from Israel (Lynfield, Ben, December 27, 2004). Its Democratic political race into power has tossed a spanner in progress confounding relations with significant powers on the planet just as the neighboring nations in the Middle East. Significant nations in the western world have consistently marked Hamas as a fear based oppressor association. Japan for example solidified all Hamas properties inside its ward in 2005. Jordan has thus prohibited it because of its fear monger exercises. This hostility is coordinated to a political and fear monger association that as indicated by surveys directed in 2007 appreciates over 65% of well known help of Palestinians. The wide open help it has gotten comes from how it has started changes in confidence broken down nation. It is uncovering gigantic debasement settled in the administration and request is being reestablished in the contested domains. The bleeding counter reprisals between the Hamas and Israel anyway proceed, with the two sides keeping up their hard position. With terrible possibilities for a quiet conjunction, the issue of Hamas administration in the Palestine state stays a cerebral pain for the western nations. Hamas has started various assaults this year slaughtering a bunch and injuring numerous in the area. It has consummated the specialty of guerilla fighting utilizing it thoughtfully against Israel. It is additionally blamed for executions inside its record and rank and furthermore against its key opponent, the Fattah. The United States anyway has been unmitigated in its stand even despite conceivable political realignments in the Palestine state. One state office representative said that the United States despite everything keeps up Hamas in its fear monger organizations’ list. The political race has not changed this except if Hamas impugns its appalling demonstrations (Michael P. Field, Bruce A. Arrigo, 2006). It is more than evident that the United States is daunted by the outcomes yet rushed to commend the fleeting tranquil conjunction of individuals in Palestine. It is fascinating to take note of that the Bush organization was reserved of the races in Palestine as the possibilities of Hamas loosing appeared to be bleak. This anyway is amidst reports in the media that the United States government along with president Mahmoud Abbas had intended to remove the Hamas authority from the administration. This was with an end goal to topple the additions made by Hamas. Hamas has been to a great extent reprimanding the United States for financing and furnishing the Fattah soldiers in its offer to water down its ongoing rules (Tiebel, Amy, 2007). A few countries in Europe are gotten in a difficult situation. There is a need to legitimize the fair procedure that carried Hamas to control yet in addition these nations are careful about an association that has been named a psychological militant gathering. Europe is isolated. Berlin and the United Kingdom are unyielding that they will have no relations with the Hamas. Russia anyway then again invited Hamas pioneers in Moscow, Turkey has likewise stuck to this same pattern. Since its arrangement in 1987, Hamas has developed greatly and appears to have blasted a harmony with most Palestinians as confirm in the most recent decisions. The best supporter of Hamas and money related bankroller is Iran. This is its vocal supporter yet it has consistently prevented claims from securing giving accounts as asserted by the United States. The coming to intensity of the Hamas was met with joy from President Mahmoud Ahmadinejad of Iran who promised to back the nation monetarily. The United States guarantees that Hamas is supported by some Arab nations just as private representatives. A large portion of these nations keep up against United States stand and are on the side of any gathering that is probably going to keep up antagonistic vibe against Israel. The height of Hamas into power legitimizes the relations that Hamas may have had with those nations (Andersen, Mark, 2004). Iran has promised to submit assets to help the equitably chose government in Palestine. The greater part of those nations that help Hamas are doing as such on the cases of reinforcing majority rule government and considering it to be an answer for the debates in Middle East. Clearly the coming into intensity of Hamas has muddled the relations that most countries have had with it. Many are in a predicament on whether to start strategic contacts with its individuals or to manage the president straightforwardly. Anyway placing into thought what Hamas has consistently rely on, the reserve America and Germany is the best approach, no arrangements of any kind or political relations ought to be organized until Hamas impugns its demonstrations of fear based oppression and its remain against Israel. References Levitt, Matthew, 2006. Hamas: Politics, Charity, and Terrorism in the Service of Jihad, Yale University Press. James L. Gelvin, 2005. The Israel-Palestine Conflict: One Hundred Years of War, Cambridge University Press. Lynfield, Ben, December 27, 2004. Hamas increases grassroots edge, Christian Science Monitor. Andersen, Mark, 2004. All the Power: Revolution Without Illusion, Punk Planet Books. Tiebel, Amy, November 27, 2007. â€Å"Analysis: Tough Mideast Bargaining Ahead†, Associated Press. Imprint Weitzman, Steven Leonard Jacobs,2003. Disassembling the Big Lie: the Protocols of the Elders of Zion, KTAV Publishing House. . Michael P. Field, Bruce A. Arrigo,2006. The Terrorist Identity: Explaining the Terrorist Threat, NYU Press.

Linus Pauling essays

Linus Pauling expositions Linus Carl Pauling was an American physical scientific expert who was a firm adherent to high portions of Vitamin C. He presented the idea of electro pessimism in 1932, and he likewise planned a model for the structure of hemoglobin. Pauling resigned in 1974. Pauling was conceived in Portland, Oregon. Pauling needed to move to a few unique urban communities in Oregon from 1903 to 1909. When is father kicked the bucket in 1910, of a punctured ulcer, his mother was left to think about Pauling and his two more youthful Siblings. Pauling read numerous books as a child, and at one point his dad composed a letter to a nearby paper welcoming proposals of extra books that would possess his time. In secondary school, Pauling examined Chemistry. He entered the Oregon State College in 1917, getting the level of B.Sc. in substance designing in 1922. During the years 1919-1920 he filled in as a full-time educator of quantitative investigation in the State College, after which he was designated a Teaching Fellow in Chemistry in the California Institute of Technology and was an alumni understudy there from 1922 to 1925, working under Professor Roscoe G. Dickinson and Richard C. Tolman. In 1925 he was granted the Ph.D. (summa cum laude) in science, with minors in material science and arithmetic. He entered the Oregon State College in 1917, accepting the level of B.Sc. in substance building in 1922. During the years 1919-1920 he filled in as a full-time instructor of quantitative investigation in the State College, after which he was named a Teaching Fellow in Chemistry in the California Institute of Technology and was an alumni understudy there from 1922 to 1925, working under Professor Roscoe G. Dickinson and Richard C. Tolman. I n 1925 he was granted the Ph.D. (summa cum laude) in science, with minors in material science and arithmetic. Since 1919 his advantage lay in the field of atomic structure and the idea of the compound bond, propelled by papers by Irving Langmuir on the use of the Lewis ... <!

Know What You Need From Your Next Web Host

Know What You Need From Your Next Web Host Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!Know What You Need From Your Next Web HostUpdated On 15/02/2015Author : Ram kumarTopic : Web HostingShort URL : http://hbb.me/1ybbaDE CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogBuilding a website takes a lot of planning, but you arent alone in the process of getting your idea from paper to a full website. There are many services that are available and necessary to utilize during the process. One of the most important services you will need to get your website online is a web host. To choose the best domain hosting for your needs, here are some things you should consider.What You Need From Your Next Web HostDisk SpaceThe important part of a web host is knowing how much disk space you will be able to use or transfer each month. Budget hosting packages may limit both the amount of data you can transfer per month and the total disk space you can use. Many websites that will need a b igger amount of data for their site will often choose an unlimited package. While these hosting packages may cost more, they will ease the frustration of maxing out your disk space and data transfer rates.Email FeaturesWhether your website features a favorite hobby or it is going to be used as a business, you will want to provide a way for your visitors to be able to contact you. Hosting packages will often include email features so you can get contacted by visitors without having to reveal your personal email address to them. Some of the features you will want to look for from your host is the amount of mailboxes you can have per site, the total storage amount for your inbox and whether the services comes with an autoresponder.READ000Webhost Review: Looking for a Free Domain Hosting?Management ToolsOnce your website is online, you will need to have a way to manage your website from behind the scenes. Management tools that you should look for from a good web host are the tools neede d to upload new pages and features to your website and tools for tracking analytics. Other tools that you may want to look for when you are shopping for a web host include form-mail scripts, visitor counter, guestbooks and message boards.Finding the right web host can take some time, but once you have found it you can complete the process of taking your great idea from your mind and forming it into a popular website.

Capitalism and Proletariats - 945 Words

Critiques of social contract theories abound, even including criticisms from social contract theorists themselves, such as Jean-Jacques Rousseau. John Locke’s social contract theory remains one of the prominent theories to this day, and includes the idea that a thing owned in common can be obtained by adding one’s labor to it. Critics of social contract theories aren’t simply seeking to negate the theories of social contract theories, but in many cases are seeking to enhance them and show how they can be applied to certain principles. Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel is one critic of social contract theory, who begins his work with an alternative to foundational state of nature conjectures used by social contract theorists such as†¦show more content†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Finally the distinction between capitalist and landowner, between agricultural laborer and industrial worker, disappears and the whole society must divide into the two classes of proprietors and pro pertyless workers. There are two classes according to Marx; the capitalists and proletariats. The old distinctions that existed under feudalism or previous economic modes are no longer relevant; under capitalism there are only capitalists and proletariats. There exists dialectic, which is the tension between capitalists and proletariats. The history of all hitherto existing society is the history of class struggles. Freeman and slave, guild-master and journeyman, in a word, oppressor and oppressed, stood in constant opposition to one another, carried on an uninterrupted, now hidden, now open fight, a fight that each time ended, either in a revolutionary re-constitution of society at large, or in the common ruin of the contending classes. When these classes conflict arise, Marx asserts that they will create a new mode of production that will lead to more class conflict that will eventually lead to the abolishment of classes and ultimately result in communism. Marx reaches this conclusion after examining the historical former modes of production, namely slavery and feudalism. According to Marx, tension between the lords and the serfs led to the creation of a new mode of production and the system of capitalism. In time, Marx supposes that tensionShow MoreRelatedWhy Was There a Struggle Between the Bourgeoisie and the Proletariat Which Would Create the Preconditions for Socialism?895 Words   |  4 Pages according to Marx and Engels in  The Manifesto of the Communist Party,  was there inevitably struggle between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat, which would create the preconditions for socialism? ___________________ The theories of Karl Marx have influenced some of the world’s greatest thinkers. Marx’s idea of the inevitable class struggle within capitalism and consequent place for a socialist society is professed within ‘The Manifesto of the Communist Party.’ It is necessary to explore whyRead MoreThe Communist Manifesto By Karl Marx Essay1374 Words   |  6 Pagesthat as the bourgeoisie, motivated by ruthless capitalism and industrialization, accrued more and more wealth, the proletariat would gain class consciousness and move from being a class in itself to a class for itself; in essence, the growth of capitalism would paradoxically be its own undoing. In order to understand this paradox of capitalism’s success, it is first helpful to trace the development of the bourgeoisie and the birth of the proletariat. As previously mentioned, Marx’s writings adamantlyRead MoreMarx And Engels, The Manifesto Of The Communist Party888 Words   |  4 Pagesdetails the emergence of capitalism and also telling us or predicting about the future of capitalism. They also talked about the class struggles of society and what brought about these tensions. In their own day, the power and class struggles was between the Bourgeoisie and Proletariat. Furthermore, the Bourgeoisie were the ones who owned the means of production such machinery, factories and their own main source of revenue was profit from their production. Whereas the Proletariat are the workers whoRead MoreThe Nature Of The Good Life1295 Words   |  6 Pagescalled capitalism the dictatorship of the upper class. , saying that it was run by the wealthy class solely to make profit and maximize their own benefits. The end product and goal of capitalism was simply economic gain. In this philosophy there has to be organized production, which includes the means of production, such as factories, facilities, machines, and raw materials. Throughout this paper I will describe certain aspects of Karl Marx’s philosophy mainly focusing on why capitalism is notRead MoreThe Communist Manifesto By Karl Marx Essay1426 Words   |  6 Pagesthat as the bourgeoisie, motivated by ruthless capitalism and industrialization, accrued more and more wealth, the proletariat would gain class consciousness and move from being a class in itself to a class for itself; in essence, the growth of capitalism would paradoxically be its own undoing. In order to understand this paradox of capitalism’s success, it is first helpful to trace the development of the bourgeoisie and the birth of the proletariat. As previously mentioned, Marx’s writings adamantlyRead MoreMarxist Theory On Capitalism And Communism1468 Words   |  6 Pages Marx employed materialism in two facets of his theoretical work, historical materialism and dialectical materialism. Materialism is a central component of Marx’s study of Capitalism and theoretical development of Communism. Historical Materialism Historical materialism serves a dual role in the Marx theories on Capitalism and Communism. The first purpose is a frame for understanding the perpetuation of class inequality throughout history and across societies. The second purpose is in conceptualizingRead MoreMarxs Views and Exploitation686 Words   |  3 PagesMarx and Exploitation In Marxs view the capitalist society is comprised of two distinct classes, the bourgeoisie (owners of production) and the proletariat ( labor) (Wolff). The focus of the bourgeoisie (owners) is to produce products (commodities) at a product with profit being the amount of money being made on a commodity after deducting all input expenses (including labor expenses) (Wolff). This net amount or profit is referred to as surplus value by Marx (Wolff). The goal of the bourgeoisieRead MoreEssay on Marxs Theories1550 Words   |  7 Pagesbut the fact remains that the overthrow of capitalism has yet to materialize. I argue that the communist revolution has not yet occurred because the proletariat has been unable to develop the universal class consciousness that Marx asserts is a necessary condition for his predicted mass uprising. Additionally, I postulate that the theories of Weber and Simmel reveal the factors impeding the formation of class consciousness among members of the proletaria t. While Marxist ideology dismisses theRead MoreAsses the Marxist View That the Main Role of the Family Is to Serve the Interest of Capitalism847 Words   |  4 PagesAsses the Marxist view that the main role of the family is to serve the interest of capitalism. Within sociology there are many different perspectives on the family. Each different perspective sees different things as the main role of the family.  Marxists view the family in a very disparaging light. They believe that the main role of the family is to serve the interest of capitalism and bourgeoisie. Marxists also believe that the family cushions the main provider. Karl Marxs view on the capitalisticRead MoreSurplus Value Is The Most Significant Concept1298 Words   |  6 Pagescontribution to economic analysis. (Letter to Engels 1867) It is the main source of oppression and exploitation over the proletariat within a capitalist society. It allows Marx’s ideas to follow a consecutive lineage, from the oppression of the proletariat, to overcoming false class-consciousness, finally leading to the Proletarian revolution. Surplus value is the key reason why the proletariat must rebel and regain the true value of their labour, instead of it being appropriated by the capitalist class (Bourgeoisie)

The Beauty Standards Set For African American Women

The beauty standards set for African American women has shifted drastically in the past decades due to the change in popularized stereotypical images portrayed through the explicit lyrics of hip hop and rap music. How African American women are portrayed in the music industry has had a profound impact on how black women view themselves as well as other races, it promotes unrealistic body sizes/images, and colorism in the black community because of how the new age rap and hip hop stigmatizes and sexualize the Black woman’s body as a whole. Not only are males rap artist contributing to the exploitation of African woman but also the women of rap as well are adding to the derogatory and disrespectful image that is perceived by society. Music has always served as a channel for African American men to eloquent the issues they have living as an oppressed entity. But because of how rap artist portray African American women in their songs and music videos, they have stigmatized black women as non-intelligent sexual entities. In Dionne Stephens’ and April Few’s article, they examine the eight sexual images of African American woman in today’s society which originated from Stephens and Philips study in 2003. The widely accepted images are the â€Å"Diva, the Gold digger, the Freak, the Dyke, the Gangster Bitch, the Sister Savior, the Earth Mother, and the Baby Mama† and they are portrayed in the hip hop music industry and culture. (Stephens and Few) These categories that society places theShow MoreRelatedBody Image : The African American Culture1667 Words   |  7 PagesImage in the African American Culture Today we live in a society that over the years has become so obsessed with body image and how an individual should look. Different cultures have different standards and norms that help to define their ideal body image. African Americans because of their differences in culture have gone against most cultural norms and have set their own definitions of beauty, body image, and body satisfaction. Because of these key differences, the African American communityRead MoreAfrican American Women s Assimilation Into White Culture770 Words   |  4 Pagesinternal thought to African-Americans, especially African-American women, audience about why African-American hated themselves and wanted to be white. This self-hatred and desire to be white stems from the pressure to absorb and assimilate to white culture, which calls for African-American women to deny their race completely. This is perpetuated by which is proliferated practices and rhetoric that suggest that being African-American is equ ated to being inferior. Thus African-American women have sustainedRead MoreThe Beauty Standards Of America1099 Words   |  5 PagesCommon standards set by society are deemed as appropriate for all people no matter what race. American people are very diverse and what is acceptable to gender, age or race differs from person to person. More specifically, American women share complaints regarding the unrealistic beauty standards that are set by the media and society. Many women complain that it is not fair that they are judged by their outer appearance and are viewed as not beautiful enough, or not normal when they do not conformRead MoreDiscrimination Based Upon The Tone Of One s Skin Essay1658 Words   |  7 Pagesaround the world. Although colorism is a worldwide issue, it is unique to African Americans due to the experience of slavery and its long-term psychological effects. African American men and women both experience colorism but the psychological effects are more prominent in women. Women in the black community are greatly affected by colorism starting at a young age. This is due to the history of the European standard of beauty in North America which plays a big role in how it affects their self-imageRead MoreThe Role Of Social Media On Women1001 Words   |  5 Pagesthe influenced constructed standards affect women long term and what exactly influences how girls act, look and think about themselves? Starting from a youth age through adolescence, which is the average age of still trying to figure out their identity, and in many cases lasting until adulthood, girls compare themselves and set their mindset to look like the celebrities they watch in T.V., magazines, music videos or movies.Yet, the issue is that by watching these women in tight dresses and such exquisiteRead MoreAfrican-American Beauty1684 Words   |  7 PagesTiffany What Is Beauty to the Young Black Female? There’s more to me that the human eye can see. I’m a woman of purpose and destiny. A perfect design, I’m special and unique. I won’t be identified by the parts that make up my physique. My beauty is not defined by my skin or my hair and my soul has more value than the clothes that I wear. I’m not a symbol of pleasure or sex appeal; I have the natural ability to comfort and the power to heal. When God made me, He created aRead MoreThe Perfect Body Campaign : Advertisement1214 Words   |  5 PagesCampaign: Advertisement 1† portrays pale bodies juxtaposed against an achromatic backdrop, each either slyly looking away or smiling coquettishly at the camera. Thick, sizable lettering fills the center of the image audaciously proclaiming that these women have â€Å"The Perfect Body†. Each woman wears a matching bra and pantie. Their bodies are svelte with at least one of their feet angled into a pointed position as if they are dancing their way into the viewers’ bedrooms. A darker figure occupies the centerRead More Morrisons Bluest Eye Essay: The American Way1698 Words   |  7 PagesThe Bluest Eye: The American Way  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚     Ã‚  Ã‚   Ownership, class structures, and consumerism go hand in hand. Morrison illustrates this throughout the novel and in the characters identities. Many of the characters identify themselves based on material possessions: the simple ownership of a car, the use of consumer products, and property ownership. Although African Americans may take these things for granted now, in the early 1900s this would be considered a major accomplishment. There isRead MoreWoman Is The Nigger Of The Wolrd: The Bluest Eye by Toni Morrison934 Words   |  4 Pagesa species. ‘The total absence of human recognition† (Morrison, 36). For decades, African-Americans have not only been looked down upon by white people, they have been dehumanized. Toni Morrison is controversial for pillorying this topic, that has been silenced by white society for years, not from the ‘Master Narrative’ perspective, that is the white male one’s, but from the exact opposite of this: an African-American girl. By doing this, she does not only awake pity for Pecola at the reader but alsoRead MoreEssay on Image of African American Women845 Words   |  4 PagesImage of African American Women Despite the strong presence of the beautiful, powerful, black women in the media, such as Michelle Obama, Oprah Winfrey, and Beyoncà © Knowles, African American females have been deemed unattractive in society’s eyes. These notions did not develop overnight, but remain as obstacles birthed from slavery. These stereotypes keep the black female incarcerated under the belief that they are not beautiful. However, black women have fought and are fighting these harmful perceptions

The Great Wall Of China - 1196 Words

Ancient History Speech Draft Good morning/afternoon. 8 MINUTES Rational – difficulties (finding info, particularly on the topic), why you picked the topic (always wondered about†¦. Fascinating†¦) my presentation includes modules of ________ so you can see the construction of _____ Today I am going to be presenting the Great Wall of China and what political and military reasons it was built for. The construction was a feat of great magnitude and reflected the innovations and technological advancements of the Ancient Chinese. The reason I have decided to focus upon the Ancient Chinese is because I find China a very interesting civilisation. The ancient Chinese civilisation began 7,000 to 8,000 years ago and about 2,500 years ago the civilisation was attacked by the Mongols. The Chinese Government decided to defend itself and so they built a very large wall across the northern Chinese mountains in the 7th century, so therefore 700B.C., and it is located north and northwest of Beijing. This wall is one of the most famous tourist attractions in China nowadays. The wall was built over 2000 years ago and was 5000km long! The Great Wall of China’s thickness ranges from 4.5m to 9m and is up to 7m tall. The wall was built along mountain ridges, across mountain passes, or across key transportation areas on flat land. The Great Wall was built from materials such as stone, soil, sand and bricks especially for the foundation of the wall. When the bricks were not available to use, theShow MoreRelatedThe Great Wall Of China1123 Words   |  5 Pagesthe Great Wall] demonstrates the manifestation of the wisdom and tenacity of the Chinese people.†(cortland.edu). China is considered one of the world’s oldest civilizations with the first dynasty beginning in 221 B.C.. A famous icon of this great civilization is the Great Wall of China, or known to the Chinese as Wan Li Chang Cheng. During the Warring States period, many feudal societies built their own sections for security. Eventually the walls were connected and there was a unified China. WithRead MoreThe Great Wall Of China1641 Words   |  7 Pages The Great Wall of China is known as the largest construction project to be put in effect in all of world history. The wall, also known in China as long wall of 10,000 li, is a collection of n umerous short walls extending along the crest of hills on the southern edge of the Mongolian plain. Although it is a common misconception that the Great Wall of China is one long continuous wall, it s structural inconsistency in no way undermines its greatness. The wall has been built, destructed, rebuiltRead MoreThe Great Wall Of China1266 Words   |  6 Pages The Great Wall of China James Allen World History 1st period February 1, 2015 The first unified Chinese empire was formed in 221 B.C., that was when seven states were brought together by Shi Huangdi, a conqueror from the state of Qin. Shi Huangdi means â€Å"first emperor.† Until the twentieth century all rulers of imperial China called themselves the emperor. The emperor was believed, by the people of China, to be the son of heaven, God-like. They believed that each ofRead MoreThe Great Wall Of China905 Words   |  4 Pages It has been said that the Great Wall of China is so immense that it can be seen from space with just the human eye. Unfortunately, that is simply a rumor and has been confirmed false. Nonetheless, the Great Wall of China is also the world’s longest wall and biggest piece of ancient architecture, which is still a pretty big deal. Its official length is about 13,170 miles long, more than four times the width of the United States. The wall crosses over ten provinces and cities, including QinghaiRead MoreThe Great Wall of China600 Words   |  3 PagesThe Great Wall of China is an assemblage of smaller walls built by various dynasties over many years. Builders erected these walls for protection from invasions by those from the north. The Great Wall itself, with a history lasting over 2000 years, measures approximately 5,500 miles in length, although some of the sections lie in ruin or have disappeared altogether. It is about 25 feet high and is 15-30 feet wide. It is the longest man-made structure in the world. In the 7th century B.C. the firstRead MoreThe Great Wall Of China2440 Words   |  10 Pagescollectively achieve the objectives. The Great Wall of China is an example of the history of the success goal of organization. Ming dynasty, Zhengtong Emperor has forced approximately 2 to 3 millions labor to build the defense wall to protect the empire and also border control that could encourage trade. With the Zhengtong Emperor led the organization of collective effort of the people, the result is 8851.8 kilometers of defense wall, with combined of previous built great wall is 21,196 kilometers, becomingRead MoreEssay on The Great Wall of China1270 Words   |  6 PagesThe Great Wall of China is one of the greatest architectural achievements ever recorded in history. The Great Wall translates to â€Å"long fortress.† The wall was made entirely by hand. It was built to protect the Chinese from intruders from different Nomadic Tribes. The wall is about 5,500 miles long. The wall did not stretch across all of China but it stretched from Shanhaiguan in the East to Lop Nur in the West. Some people say that you can even see the wall from the moon! Wouldn’t that be somethingRead More The Great Wall of China Essay2903 Words   |  12 PagesThe Great Wall of China To the northwest and north of Beijing, a huge, serrated wall zigzags its way to the east and west along the undulating mountains. This is the Great Wall, which is said to be visible from the moon. This massive wall has not only been one of the Ancient Seven Wonders of the World, but it has also been inspiration for many artists, and writers. The building of the Great Wall is one of the biggest tragedies, but through this tragedy arose triumph with the wall, being soRead MoreGreat Wall of China Essay example1375 Words   |  6 PagesThe Great Wall of China stretches about 5,500 miles long crossing deserts, mountains, grasslands, and plateaus. It took more than 2,000 years to build this incredible manmade structure. Many people died to build this wall. It displays the changes between the agricultural and nomadic civilizations. It proves that the superb structure was very important to military defense. It became a national symbol of the Chinese as a security for their country and its p eople. The Great Wall of China must be preservedRead MoreGreat Wall of China Report Essay2063 Words   |  9 PagesThe Great Wall of China The Great Wall of China is truly one of the greatest architectural achievements in recorded history. The longest structure ever built, it is about 6,700 kilometers (4,163 miles) long and made entirely by hand. This wall is said to be visible from the moon. It crosses Northern China, from the East coast to Central China (Karls, 1). This massive wall is not only one of the ancient wonders of the world, but it also has been the inspiration of many writers and artists. With

Research in Business Social Advertising Techniques

Question: Describe about the Research in Business for Social Advertising Techniques. Answer: Section I Introduction Social advertising is a technique used by the marketers to integrate the marketing concepts to benefit the target consumers and audience for the benefit of social goods that they consume. Social marketing is a form of promoting and advertising the products to the target consumers. The traditional methods of marketing were advertisements and word of mouth or direct selling. With the rise in competition and new businesses, emerging the methods of marketing has changed. Technological advancement and emergence of internet and social media has changed the method of marketing and promotion. Customers rely and consume the goods that are presented in social medium sites such as LinkedIn and twitter (Castronovo and Huang 2012). The purpose of the assignment is to compare social media marketing and traditional methods of marketing and conclude which is better. The purpose of the assignment is to conduct a research on social marketing such as social network and why social media marketing is fur ther persuasive than customary methods of marketing. The most common used traditional methods of marketing that influenced the consumer behavior were word of mouth. The information on the products was acquired from peers and relatives that greatly influenced the purchase decisions of buyers. With the advancement in technology and increase in use of social media, the traditional method of work of mouth was affected by social marketing (Flew 2015). Problem statement Branding is a technique of creating a unique brand image and name in the market to attract loyal customers and achieve competitive advantage. Various factors and methods affect the buying behavior and decision of consumers. The most common factor that influences the buying behavior of consumers is the advertisement and promotion of products. The traditional method of promotion that is word of mouth has been affected by social media marketing. Many social network sites have emerged that used to focus more on social life and lifestyle previously. However, the content of social media sites are changing that focuses and emphasizing the need of people. Shopping has become more easier with the appearance of social medium marketing. The content of social media site ranges from clothing and lifestyle to food and beverages. Acquiring anything at any time and place has become easier with the use of social media marketing. Brand image and name plays a great role in influencing the buying decisi ons of purchasers (Coulter and Roggeveen 2012). Social media marketing helps in creating a unique brand image by broadcasting attractive advertisements in social media sites that will help in increasing consumer awareness. The research aims to study the reasons for success of social media marketing in crafting consumer behavior and the purchase decision. Research objectives and questions The aim of the research is to find out the effect of social media marketing on the purchase decision of consumers. It also aims at finding that whether social media marketing is persuasive than traditional word of mouth or not. The paper aims at finding the reasons for media and papers being more effective way of promotion than word of mouth. The research is more of informative than quantitative. Research objectives The objectives of the research are as follows: To understand the different techniques of promotion. To find the effects of social media marking on the purchasing decision of consumers. To find whether social media networks is persuasive or traditional word of mouth. To find out the reasons for social media being more effective than traditional word of mouth for influencing the purchase decision of consumers. To find out the root cause for the success of social media in influencing the purchasing decision of consumers. Research questions The questions of the research are as follows: What are the different techniques of promotions? What is the effect of social media marking on the purchasing decision of consumers? Are social media networks more influential than customary word of mouth? What are the reasons for social media being more effectual than conventional word of mouth for influencing the purchase decision of consumers? What is the root causes for the success of social media in influencing the purchasing decision of consumers? What collision does social media marketing have on consumers? Justification of the project The increase in social media sites has greatly influenced the purchase decision of consumers and has greatly affected the traditional word of mouth. Investigation of study is important as to understand which are more influencing social media networks or the traditional word of mouth. Word of mouth was the most common used tools by the consumers to make the purchase decisions. However, with the advancement in technology and increase in number of social media networking sites traditional methods of word of mouth has been greatly affected. Hence, it has become essential to understand how social media has influenced the purchasing decisions of consumers and the reason for the traditional method of word of mouth to fade away. The research indicates the main reason for new companies such as Apple and Zara to become successful is due to its promotion technique that attracts consumers that are loyal in nature (Gensler et al. 2013). The objectives of the research study will help in addressing and presenting the reasonable solution of the problems. Vast amount of people in todays world spend maximum time in surfing internet. Hence, posting advertisements in these sires is likely to influence consumers than the traditional word of mouth. The word of mouth technique is fading away due to differences in the lifestyle and choice of people. The objective of the research is to find whether social media is more influential or the word of mouth that will help in addressing the problems. Expected research outcome The outcomes of this learn will provide an analytical framework for investigating the effect of social media networks on the purchasing decisions of consumers. It is expected that traditional word of mouth has taken over social media marketing as a way of promotion. Consumers are greatly influenced by the advertisements on social media than is affected by the purchase decisions of others. People today spend maximum time in social media sites and hence advertisements of these sites are likely to affect the purchasing decisions of consumers. It is expected that the main reason for the use of social media sites for purchasing products be due to the convenience and the discounts that the company provides to customers (Risselada et al. 2014). The research will benefit the organizations understand the importance of branding and its effect in consumers. It will also help them understand the how important social media has become to create a unique brand image and the ways organizations can o ptimally utilise social media networks. Accessing information about the products has become easier due to social media networks (Goh et al. 2013). Section II Conceptual framework Figure: Conceptual framework (Source: created by author) Research hypothesis The research hypothesis is proposed as follows that is based on problem statement and research objectives: H (0) null hypothesis: Social media networks is persuasive than traditional word of mouth. H (1) Alternate hypothesis: traditional word of mouth is more persuasive than social media marketing. Methodology Literature review The word of mouth was the most influential and most used source of information by the consumers for making a purchase decision in the traditional years. In the initial years word of mouth was considered as the most effective way of promotion. Word of mouth did not require any advertisement and promotion and the information was just transferred by the peer prospects. The consumers could easily trust the product and purchase it (King et al. 2014). Word of mouth was said to be more persuasive in decision making due to its credibility and reliability by consumers. With the advent of internet the traditional word of mouth was affected by social media marketing. The number of social media and networking sites increased. People now a days spend maximum time in surfing internet and social media sites such as facebook, twitter and others (Lee et al. 2012). Hence, any advertisement in these sites is most likely to affect the purchasing decision of consumers. Social media sites provide a larger variety of products and give consumer a larger choice of products due to which they rely on social media sites more. Moreover, the advertisements on social media sites are so attractive that anyone will be influenced to purchase the particular products (Libai et al. 2013). The purchasing decision of consumer is dependent on various factors such as trust, credibility, reliability and awareness. Since it is easy to get all the information of the product on internet easily consumers awareness increases that in turn increases the reliability. Due to differences in the choices and lifestyle of consumers, the consumers will opt for Television, internet and newspaper for accessing the information of the product (Okazaki and Taylor 2013). Social media has become a wide place by marketers for the promotion of products and services. The reason for this is that social media marketing has become more convenient and time saving. There is no need to print out bi llboards and hoardings. The organizations juts need to post an advertisement on social media sites that stars the favorite actors to promote its products (Pfeffer et al. 2014). It is also cost effective. Social media marketing is influential as it has capability of targeting the wider range of customers and market as compared to the traditional word of mouth method. Data series and surveys/Questionnaires (Data collection method) Various methods are taken to collect the appropriate information. The objective of the research is to find out the effect of social media marketing on customers and its buying behavior. The research philosophy for conducting the research is followed based on the interpretive view in which descriptively every question is answered, and the theory is interpreted based on researcher's interest in the study. It is associated with the philosophical point of idealism in which many effects and methods can be applied to the issue to reflect varied results (Goldkuhl 2012). The interpretive follows the understanding of weak notion; it establishes the relationship between time and context and outlines the problems and solutions to the study. Data is collected using various blogs, articles and books on social media marketing. The questionnaire is prepared that is published online for the survey. Hence, the researcher uses secondary data for its collection and research (Gray 2013). The research approach is based on the idea to identify the questions, problems and give probable solutions for adequate research to the study. In this approach, the relationships are made and then they are tested for the outlined purpose of understanding the certain additional meaning to the research. In this study, statistical tool namely SPSS is used with the questionnaire to derive to a certain conclusion. The quantitative approach is assumed to be more time consuming and cost effective against the researcher's particular situations than an approach that is qualitative in nature (Pickard 2012). Data analysis The next step after collection of data is the analysis of data using various statistical tools that describes the effect of social media marketing on consumers and the difference between social media marketing and traditional methods of promotion. After forming the questions and hypothesis it is essential to test the hypothesis using different tools and methods. For the discussion part qualitative method will be used and the data will be collected from blogs, articles and books. For the quantitative part, the data will be collected from an online survey by preparing a questionnaire and surveying the customers (Time 2012). The data will be tested in an SPSS tool. The statistical tools SPSS calculated the descriptive statistics, regression of the independent variables on the dependent variables. The residuals calculated were plotted on different pie charts, histograms, and bar graphs. . The aim of analysing the data in SPSS tool is to know whether social media marketing and networking is more persuasive than the traditional method of word of mouth (Rezaeian 2014). Research paradigm The researcher has used both the qualitative and quantitative methods to conduct the research. It is more of an informative research that analyzes and specifies the discussions and theories. The qualitative data is used to support the quantitative data of the research. The views of the customers would be depicted using the quantitative and qualitative samples that would be collected for this research. A questionnaire is prepared for the quantitative survey while blogs and articles on social media marketing are referred for the qualitative survey. The buying behavior of the customers and the selling of the products by the company would be understood from the quantitative and qualitative research (Sarantakos 2012). Category of research: (Quantitative and qualitative research) The objective of the research is to find out the effect of social media marketing on customers and its buying behavior. It analyzes and compares the two methods of promotion and analyzes that whether social media marketing is persuasive or the traditional method of word of mouth. The qualitative research is conducted by referring to books, articles and blogs. Since social media marketing is a current issue, many experts have various comments on the topic that will be referred from blogs and articles (Yilmaz 2013). In order to support the qualitative research quantitative research is conducted by preparing a questionnaire that is published online. Since the objective is to evaluate the effect of social media marketing on consumers a qualitative research is conducted that is based on marketing and media theories. For finding the customer experience, the researcher conducts an online survey. Hence, both the qualitative and quantitative methods are used for the research and study (Saunde rs and Thornhill 2014). Ethical consideration It is essential for the researcher to collect the data from the relevant sources. The data collected should be appropriate, valid and reliable. It should also be biased in nature. It is essential for the author to follow ethical rules and principles of research and take special care of not hurting anyones sentiments during the research. The work of the researcher should not be copied and plagiarized. Special permissions should be taken from the organizations and customers that are surveyed for the research purpose. . The researcher should abide by the rules and regulations of the company while collecting the data and using it for the research. The researcher should keep the details of the company confidential, if the company had asked them to do so. The researcher must not force the company to provide him with the data of the company. If children are involved in survey then special permissions are to be taken from parents. Section III Organization of the study Chapter one will be the Research Proposal as outlined in this assignment. It will analyse the topic for the research. Chapter one discusses the aims and objectives of the research and the research questions. It also mentions the expected research outcome and justification for the study. The main aim of chapter one is to discuss and emphasis on the topic and the reason for studying the topic. In this case chapter one addresses the topic that social media marketing is more persuasive or the traditional method of word of mouth. Based on the problem statement research questions and aims are formed. Chapter two emphasises on the social media marketing strategy in depth and how it has affected the decision of consumers. It discusses the reasons for traditional word of mouth fading away and how social media marketing is influencing the consumers purchase decision. It also analyses the reasons for increase in usage of social media for promotion of commodities and different techniques of promotion, both traditional and social media. Chapter two will include the methodology, data series, data collection methods, questionnaires and surveys and observing key strategies of social media marketing. It will report the findings and analysis of the proposed research. Chapter three will summarise the important findings and discuss the implication of social media marketing on the purchase decision of consumers. It will also conclude as to whether social media marketing is more influential or the traditional method of word of mouth. Chapter three proposes the budget of the research and its allocation for conducting the study and research. It also mentions the time taken for the research and study by specifying and dividing it into different heads. The last part of the proposal is the conclusion where the researcher points out his view on the research. Gantt chart Task name Start day End day Duration Days Project proposal 1/01/2016 15/01/2016 15 Literature review 16/01/2016 28/02/2016 40 Data collection 1/03/2016 12/03/2016 12 Data analysis 13/03/2016 20/03/2016 7 Final Report Submission 25/03/2016 25/04/2016 30 Figure: Gantt chart (Source: created by author) Project budget and budget justification The budget of the proposed research is $5000 that is required to complete the project in the given period. The maximum part of the budget is allocated to data collection due to the cost of travelling, printing, mailing and posting the data. This will cost around $2500. Rest $2500 is allocated to literature review, tables, and data analysis part. Purpose Estimated amount to be spent Literature review $1000 Data collection $2500 Data analysis $1500 Total budget estimated $5000 Table: Budget summary (Source: created by author) Conclusion and recommendation The recommendations on outcome state that the study can be analyzed for a further study by differentiating all factors and an extensive study can be based on using all the main and the silent elements individually. Also, if qualitative research is incorporated into the study, the research philosophy would have been more realistic and interpretive and would have added the theoretical background to the subject. Hence, this study is more on a generalized basis. Hence, it can be concluded that social media marketing is more persuasive than traditional word of mouth in todays world. References Castronovo, C. and Huang, L., 2012. Social media in an alternative marketing communication model.Journal of Marketing Development and Competitiveness,6(1), p.117. Coulter, K.S. and Roggeveen, A., 2012. Like it or not Consumer responses to word-of-mouth communication in on-line social networks.Management Research Review,35(9), pp.878-899. Flew, T. (2015). Social Media Governance.Social Media + Society, 1(1). Gensler, S., Vlckner, F., Liu-Thompkins, Y. and Wiertz, C., 2013. Managing brands in the social media environment.Journal of Interactive Marketing,27(4), pp.242-256. Goh, K.Y., Heng, C.S. and Lin, Z., 2013. Social media brand community and consumer behavior: Quantifying the relative impact of user-and marketer-generated content.Information Systems Research,24(1), pp.88-107. Goldkuhl, G., 2012. Pragmatism vs interpretivism in qualitative information systems research.European Journal of Information Systems,21(2), pp.135-146. Gray, D.E., 2013.Doing research in the real world. Sage. King, R.A., Racherla, P. and Bush, V.D., 2014. What we know and don't know about online word-of-mouth: A review and synthesis of the literature.Journal of Interactive Marketing,28(3), pp.167-183. Lee, D., Kim, H.S. and Kim, J.K., 2012. The role of self-construal in consumers electronic word of mouth (eWOM) in social networking sites: A social cognitive approach.Computers in Human Behavior,28(3), pp.1054-1062. Libai, B., Muller, E. and Peres, R., 2013. Decomposing the value of word-of-mouth seeding programs: Acceleration versus expansion.Journal of marketing research,50(2), pp.161-176. Okazaki, S. and Taylor, C.R., 2013. Social media and international advertising: theoretical challenges and future directions.International marketing review,30(1), pp.56-71. Pfeffer, J., Zorbach, T. and Carley, K.M., 2014. Understanding online firestorms: Negative word-of-mouth dynamics in social media networks.Journal of Marketing Communications,20(1-2), pp.117-128. Pickard, A., 2012.Research methods in information. Facet publishing. Rezaeian, M., 2014. A review on the diverse types of research misconduct.Middle East J Family Med,12(7), pp.43-4. Risselada, H., Verhoef, P.C. and Bijmolt, T.H., 2014. Dynamic effects of social influence and direct marketing on the adoption of high-technology products.Journal of Marketing,78(2), pp.52-68. Rutsaert, P., Regan, ., Pieniak, Z., McConnon, ., Moss, A., Wall, P. and Verbeke, W., 2013. The use of social media in food risk and benefit communication.Trends in Food Science Technology,30(1), pp.84-91. Sarantakos, S., 2012.Social research. Palgrave Macmillan. Saunders, M.L. and Thornhill, P., 2014. A. 2009. Research methods for business students. Harlow. Tiago, M.T.P.M.B. and Verssimo, J.M.C., 2014. Digital marketing and social media: Why bother?.Business Horizons,57(6), pp.703-708. Time, C., 2012. Data Collection Methods.Review of Sociology,17, pp.225-249. Tsimonis, G. and Dimitriadis, S., 2014. Brand strategies in social media.Marketing Intelligence Planning,32(3), pp.328-344. Williams, D.L., Crittenden, V.L., Keo, T. and McCarty, P., 2012. The use of social media: an exploratory study of usage among digital natives.Journal of Public Affairs,12(2), pp.127-136. Wood, M. (2016). Social Marketing for Social Change.Social Marketing Quarterly, 22(2), pp.107-118. Yilmaz, K., 2013. Comparison of Quantitative and Qualitative Research Traditions: epistemological, theoretical, and methodological differences.European Journal of Education,48(2), pp.311-325.

Global Wine Wars free essay sample

Market Analysis: Global Wine Wars-New World Challenges Old Global Wine Wars: New World Challenges Old This case describes the global development of wine industry, and how new world wine players occupied the global market share from old world wine producer gradually. It is very interesting that author selected the Britain as the sample stage for the battle between the new world wine campaign and the traditional campaign. Nowadays, in the â€Å"Old World† countries of Europe, where the bulk of the volume is still produced, this is of great concern. However, consumers, especially younger drinkers, prefer the high quality wine from famous brands which are imported into Europe by the â€Å"New World† player, and the growth rate is at average10% per annum over the last decade. In new wine world, Chile has dominated the South American wine world and Argentina is facing this challenge of losing the number one position in South America, and is impacted much on market share dramatically. We will write a custom essay sample on Global Wine Wars or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Maybe the structure of new world wine industry could be renewed. The competition seems to be more fiercely. Increasing number of producers enhances their capacity to cater to the marketing demand. However, the growth of demand today cannot catch up with the increase of wine production. EC predicts that there will be as much as 15% of Europe’s wine production surplus to requirement in the future 5 years. This case focuses on the wine battle in Britain. The UK is the largest importer of wine (by value) in the world and a high per capita consumption of wine, but more and more wine consumed in Britain is imported from other countries, because it is usually hard to grow the good grape to produce wine in Britain due to the local unsuitable weather. But the British wine market is fragment, and top three players occupy the 17% of market share. Political. The new players who want to enter the British market       are affected by government regulation of wine and high import       duties applicable. Even high import duties and taxed to be       paid, but whatever new world wine or traditional wine would       rather to open the British due to the popular wine market. Economy. The Britain is a developed country, with the world’s       sixth largest economy by nominal GDP and the seventh largest       by purchasing power parity. Today, Britain tends to develop       to service and energy industry from manufacture. The quantities       of wine produced locally are very limited compared to the       volumes consumed. The Britain wine market generated total       revenues of $20 billion in 2008, and annual average growth       rate of 2. 1% for the period from 2004 to 2008. CAGR forecasts       that the performance of the market will decelerate with the       rate of 0. 6% for the next five years from 2009-2013 accompanying       with the downturn economy. Moreover, the volume of market       drop down dramatically in 2008 due to the bad economy, here       is a chart about the change of market volume from 2004-2008. {draw:frame} Demographic. Wine is consumed by 60. 8% of the total UK adult       population. As the research from CAGR in 2008, more than 81%       British like drinking still wine, following by fortified       wine (9. 4%) and champagne (7. 2%), and only less than 2% people       consumed sparkling wine. Culture. In the UK, the population has long traditions of       wine drinking. Historically wine was not embedded in the       culinary culture of most other social groups as there were       no local/regional production-beer and dicer-being the       dominant beverages. However, as wine consumption has now       become embedded into the culture of many UK adults. From the external analysis, the choice to invest more in the Britain is the correct global expansion strategies for the old world and the new world wine players. However, there is a big different performance between two campaigns. Old world wine players lose their market share gradually, while the new world wine players gain the market share bigger and bigger annually. It is forecasted that the new world wine players will finally replace the old world wine position among the customers, although the old world wine has the first moving in advantage. Why and what could lead this kind result? SWOT can tell everything about it. (Table below)   From the SWOT analysis, it is obviously to have more downturns for the â€Å"old world† than the â€Å"new world†, and it appears that the â€Å"old world† should reform their philosophy for global marketing strategies. The â€Å"old world† should put the fragments of production together to reduce the operation cost and grow the speed of marketing response. Then, the big issue for them is broad brand, the â€Å"old world† need to do a lot on marketing research and create their more famous brand by market segment. The last is how to deal with the contradiction between tradition and quality. I think the best choice is joint venture or outsourcing. The â€Å"old world† players can cooperate with local companies in marketing section, or outsource to them completely. This method for the â€Å"old world† could not only avoid the weakness of marketing but also continue to focus on the tradition. In this case, I can see that whatever the advantages are, companies should continue improving their skills and strategies to adapt the requirements from customers and market. Like new world wine player, the companies need to focus on research on marketing firstly, and then make distinct policy to various levels of consumers. At the same time, the new entrant has to own their unique way to gain market share and learn the traditional skill from the maturity companies. Australia is a very good example for this concept. Specialized brand built is a key to open the British market, which minimized the barrier of recognition, and the centralized company structure is the foundation of succeed, which could reduce the cost for operation and strategies. The only risk for this battle is that producer could overemphasize the brand and price and lost the tradition that quality is number one. I think the current wine association can adjust their manual to avoid this situation. However, whatever the final winner is, the beneficiaries are always consumers. The wine battle could bring low cost wine, various brand, good quality and service. Moreover, the most important is customer could taste many kind of wine to spend their life comfortably, although it cannot be imagined several centuries ago. Questions: Is the old wine players rebound from the bottom to fight with       the â€Å"new world† easily? Is it possible to combine the â€Å"old world† and â€Å"new world† to       become new type operation model, which distinct from the       old and the new? References: _Alta Smith and Brad Smith. (Sep. 2007). â€Å"Old world wines in the new world†. _   Restaurant hospitality. (Nov. 2007). â€Å"New trends in international wines†. Corey M. Reardon. (Oct. 2006). â€Å"The changing World of Wine†. Robert D. Tollison. (Apr. 2007). â€Å" old wine, new wine†. Industry profile. (July 2009). â€Å"Wine in United Kingdom†.

Free Essays on Virtue Aristotle

Aristotle defined virtue as the excellence of the soul, and happiness is the virtuous activity of the soul. In the moderate, self-controlled and courageous, everything is in harmony with the voice of reason. Aristotle differentiated intellectual virtues from ethical virtues. Intellectual virtues are developed by teaching; ethical virtues are formed by habit (ethos). Virtues are not implanted in us by nature nor are they contrary to nature, for we are equipped by nature to receive them and can develop them by habitual practice. Thus we become just by acting justly, self-controlled by controlling ourselves, and courageous by acting bravely. Others may become undisciplined and short-tempered by acting in those ways. Thus habits developed in childhood make a considerable difference. Aristotle noted that the purpose of this study is not to know what virtue is but to become good; thus we must act according to right reason. Aristotle observed that ethical qualities are destroyed by defect and by excess. Just as too much or too little food destroys health, the same applies to courage and moderation. The one who fears everything becomes a coward, while the one who fears nothing acts recklessly. Whoever revels in every pleasure is undisciplined, while those who avoid every pleasure are insensitive. Virtuous behavior is reinforcing. Abstaining from pleasures results in moderation, and the practice of moderation helps one to abstain from pleasures. Enduring fear makes one courageous, and acting bravely makes one more able to endure fear. These pleasures and pains test virtue, which can be developed or destroyed by whether it is practiced or not. Yet avoiding pleasures and enduring pains must be of the right kind done at the right time and place and in the right manner. Choice is determined by what is noble, beneficial, and pleasurable and their opposites of what is base, harmful, and painful. Ethical action requires knowledge of what one is doing... Free Essays on Virtue Aristotle Free Essays on Virtue Aristotle Aristotle defined virtue as the excellence of the soul, and happiness is the virtuous activity of the soul. In the moderate, self-controlled and courageous, everything is in harmony with the voice of reason. Aristotle differentiated intellectual virtues from ethical virtues. Intellectual virtues are developed by teaching; ethical virtues are formed by habit (ethos). Virtues are not implanted in us by nature nor are they contrary to nature, for we are equipped by nature to receive them and can develop them by habitual practice. Thus we become just by acting justly, self-controlled by controlling ourselves, and courageous by acting bravely. Others may become undisciplined and short-tempered by acting in those ways. Thus habits developed in childhood make a considerable difference. Aristotle noted that the purpose of this study is not to know what virtue is but to become good; thus we must act according to right reason. Aristotle observed that ethical qualities are destroyed by defect and by excess. Just as too much or too little food destroys health, the same applies to courage and moderation. The one who fears everything becomes a coward, while the one who fears nothing acts recklessly. Whoever revels in every pleasure is undisciplined, while those who avoid every pleasure are insensitive. Virtuous behavior is reinforcing. Abstaining from pleasures results in moderation, and the practice of moderation helps one to abstain from pleasures. Enduring fear makes one courageous, and acting bravely makes one more able to endure fear. These pleasures and pains test virtue, which can be developed or destroyed by whether it is practiced or not. Yet avoiding pleasures and enduring pains must be of the right kind done at the right time and place and in the right manner. Choice is determined by what is noble, beneficial, and pleasurable and their opposites of what is base, harmful, and painful. Ethical action requires knowledge of what one is doing...

The Wonderful, Horrible Life of Leni Riefenstahl Movie Review

The Wonderful, Horrible Life of Leni Riefenstahl - Movie Review Example She was, in other words, a wonderful filmmaker and an admirable survivor, whose fatal flaw was a horrible sense of judgment and an even more horrible tendency to glorify power, irrespective of the ideology it represented. "The Wonderful, Horrible Life of Leni Riefenstahl" compels mixed reactions to its protagonist, evoking both admiration and aversion towards Riefenstahl. In one of the scenes, she is depicted as walking on a pier, carrying her own, undoubtedly heavy, scuba diving gear. Her much younger companions are walking ahead of her and neither offers to help her with her equipment and, indeed, her demeanour suggests that she would have rejected any offers of help. This scene would not have been remarkable were it not for the fact that Riefenstahl was over 90 at the time. This scene, which only occupies a few moments in a very lengthy three hour documentary, captures the essence of the woman. She is not one to concede to weaknesses, human frailties and recognises absolutely no boundaries or limitations. Had she done so, she would not have been directing an underwater documentary at the age of 91. Hence, in this single scene the filmmakers do more than countless verbal testimonies could have ever done - they show the audiences who Riefenstahl is and, who she is evokes admiration. While it exposes her admirable qualities, the film exposes an infinitely less attractive dimension to Riefenstahl's personality. She is self-defensive and over-brimming with self-justification, not to mention unwaveringly unapologetic about the services she rendered to, or her association with, Hitler and the Nazi party. The film shows her defending the association and services in artistic and professional terms; she was not a member of the Nazi Party and did not touch upon anti-Semitism in her work. In her defence and self-justification, Riefenstahl seemingly deliberately overlooks, as Downing (2008: para 1) points out, the propagandist nature of her "Triumph of Will," and the extent to which it affected mass perceptions of Hitler as a national hero and Nazism as the answer to all of Germany's problems. Her defence of her works, as presented in the documentary, indicates that either Riefenstahl did not understand the consequences of her propagandist documentaries, which is hardly be lievable, or quite unapologetically believes that the end justifies the means. In the final analysis, the documentary is objective. It presents both sides of Leni Riefenstahl and, more importantly, allows her to speak for herself. In so doing, it gives the audience the opportunity to witness the good and the bad and, accordingly, arrive at their own judgement. If that judgement is not in Riefenstahl's favour that is not because of the filmmakers' prejudices but because of Riefenstahl's presentation of her own self. Works Cited Downing, T. (2008) "Nazis and the Cinema." History Today, 58(3), 63. Rentschler, E. (1985) "The Use and Abuse of Memory: New German Film and the Discourse of Bitburg." New German Critique, 36, 67-91. Tegel, S. (2006) "Leni Riefenstahl: Art and Politics." Quarterly Review of Film & Video, 23(3),

Economic Geography Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 2

Economic Geography - Essay Example The most important factor, after taking into account the use of technology, is the availability of labor at reasonable cost. The main reason for outsourcing American businesses, including manufacturing, has been the relative lesser cost of production. This was due to the availability of labor in countries like China at a friction of American cost. Apart from this, available of quality services at the selected location is another factor, which manufacturers would like to consider. The other factors that go into making manufacturing location decisions include, business environment, easy access to raw material and components, overall quality of life at he selected location and marketability of the finished goods. Availability of labor This is related to the type of goods to be manufactured. For products, which require quantity output in limited time, the manufacturing becomes labor-intensive with high turnout, to achieve bigger sales volumes. In such cases, locations that can provide la bor at considerably lesser cost remain the favorite of any manufacturer. This was the case of China getting most of the world’s manufacturing business, about two decades ago. ... American manufacturers are finding it difficult to maintain their facilities, as the cost advantage is vanishing. This is truer for high turnout goods.(Hanink) The case of Foxconn manufacturing facility in China is an ideal example of the labor cost relation with the manufacturing location. China never wanted to display the living conditions of its citizens, particularly the factory workers. However, these conditions have been worse, if not inhumane. People had to huddle together for sleep in bunkers and dormitories. Wages like $400 per month were paid to a worker who would put around 50 hours a week on the plant job. People would go to market in factory uniform only. Foxconn recruited most of its interns and apprentices from the boys belonging to age group of 14-15 years, to reduce further the cost of labor.(Fallows) However, things are changing in China very rapidly. With the living conditions, as detailed above, reports of suicide attempts were frequent. That was the reason for Fo xconn to introduce†suicide nets† for prevention of such attempts. Things could not be stopped there. The factory owners had to increase wages three to four times during last three years. It has created serious problems for the manufacturers and exporters. Chinese goods have been selling throughout the world, due to their lower prices. That advantage is now vanishing. American manufacturers are feeling the cost pinch from such outsourced units. Labor is available at competitive cost in America now. Reverse shifting has begun.(Fallows) Technology plays an important role in availability of adequate services The manufacturing activities for new start-ups relate to an idea, which is converted into the marketable product. In older days, the original idea

Lan Base Entrance Examination System Essay Example for Free

Lan Base Entrance Examination System Essay Long b books were known, the storyteller of many lands including our own, told tales in order to entertain their listeners, as well as, to convey the moral lessons which these stories usually impart. In the course of time, these stories were handed down from generation to generation and worn smooth by ages of telling and retelling. Stories were generally tailored to reply information, become outlet for political and/ or social criticism, and sometimes simply entertain. Many storyteller acquired that distinctive style and unique from which among them well-loved and highly appreciated qualities. But as time passed by, the use of traditional multimedia such as slides, videos, filmstrips, audio recording and overhead projectors paved way in upgrading the storytelling techniques to help readers understand more clearly what the authors want to convey. The use of these traditional multimedia opened doors for new discoveries, discoveries that he will help the students enhanced their learning capabilities through the teaching- learning processed. Thus, with the method of teaching to be effective must be supplemented by other methods or devices that will increase and enhanced quality instruction. But time changes the trends in every generation.† The key to this revolutionary advancement is, of course, the computer. A combination of electronic memory with programs that tell the machine how to process the stored data, computers were still a scientific curiosity in early 1950’s Computer, as a tool and as a part of teaching and learning process, has been a major breakthrough in the educational system. In our modern way situation, a lot of stories are being relayed to students especially those in the elementary level in forms of movies, books and newspapers. What seems notable was that although most movies featured†hitech† technological advancements, many lack a very important aspect of the story telling, the imparting lesson. As a consequence, children member a movie or story based on what they saw or heard but not the lesson of the story, which is the more important aspect of storytelling. Worst, most tabloids being sold, which openly contain pornographic pictures and erotic stories, are within the reach of these kids. The researchers believe that one way minimizing, if not eliminating this situation, was creating by interactive storyteller system, which can be used by primary school educators as a tool for storytelling. Although the level of popularity of a computer- aided instruction (CAI) in various skills such as readings , may vary. Few will dispute the facts that computers have won a permanent place in most classrooms. The most common concerns of educators now have to do with the appropriateness of many possible role computers can play in instruction. The emphasis however, should not be on computer to increase the achievement but rather on how the teacher uses computers meaningfully in instruction.

Romans :: essays research papers fc

Roman Flores Az History & Government Period 3  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   5-9-00 Mr. Bentley   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Flores 1 How a bill becomes a law in Arizona   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  A bill has to go through many different stages before it can become a law. Each year, Congress considers thousands of bills. Only a few hundred of these will become laws. The rest are destroyed by congressional committees, by negative voters in one or both houses of Congress, or by presidential vetoes. The process by which a bill becomes a law is complicated and may require a lot of effort.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Every bill starts with an idea. Some ideas come from members of congress, and citizens who write to their representatives suggest. To be considered by congress, however, ideas for bills must be sponsored by a representative. Then they will debate the bill. The rules for debate are complicated. In some cases, the house speeds up the debate process by meeting as a â€Å"Committee of the Whole,† a special gathering of all house members. The rules for debating within a committee are more informal, so debates can proceed more quickly and easily.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Voting and final revisions are the next step. After a bill has been debated, it is brought to a vote. Voting is done in one of three ways. The simplest way is a voice vote, in which everyone who supports a bill is asked to say â€Å"yea† or â€Å"nay†. A voice vote is usually used for bills that are clearly popular or unpopular. A more exact method of voting is the standing vote. This type, members are asked to stand up when in support or opposition. A third roll call vote. Each member’s name is called individually and he/she is asked to say â€Å"yea†, â€Å"nay†, or â€Å"present†. Present means no opinion.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The governor signs the bill, then it becomes a law ninety days after the end of the session. However, there is an exception. â€Å"If the legislature attaches the emergency clause an passes the bill by a 2/3 vote, the bill becomes a law instantly. The governor may veto the bill.

Bhopal Disaster

The night of 3rd December marked an industrial disaster when more than 40 tons of methyl isocyanate gas leaked from a pesticide plant in Bhopal, India that instantly led to the death of approximately 3,800 people and causing permanent injuries for thousands more. The company involved shamelessly tried to avoid its legal responsibility. Nonetheless, a sum of $470 million was paid as compensation, a considerably small amount in comparison to the impact from the consequences of this tragedy.The aftermath of the disaster indicated the need for international standards for environmental safety and preventive strategies to sustain from similar accidents. India has experienced rapid industrialization since the disaster. Despite some positive changes to government policies and behavior in several industries, rapid and poorly regulated industrial growth still remains exposing India to a major threat. Degrading of environmental practices with adverse consequences to human health continues to oc cur throughout India. 2. IntroductionThe Bhopal disaster, also known as the Bhopal gas tragedy was an industrial disaster that took place at the Union Carbide pesticide plant in the Indian city of Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh releasing tons of toxic chemicals and gases. This report is carried out with the objective of obtaining sufficient knowledge of the entire tragedy that took place and providing a detailed substantive summary of the mishap. Firstly, objectives and the management structure of the Union Carbide are discussed in this report to gain an overview of the company involved and its practices.Subsequently, an observation is done with regards to the industrial processes and operations of the plant to understand the on goings of the plant. The critical area of this report summarizes the key risks and contributing factors that ultimately led to the accident which provides an insight of the flaws in the plant. The consequences of the aftermath are then identified to provide an overv iew of the negative impact resulting from the disaster followed by a brief discussion on the improvements that should be done in the management systems to prevent similar accidents from happening in the near future. 3.Objective and Structure of the Management The Union Carbide India Limited (UCIL), a chemical factory which formed its establishment in 1969 near Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh in India and was owned by Union Carbide Corporation (UCC) and the Indian authorities. Pesticides such as carbaryl was produced in this plant and in 1979, a new addition was made whereby the methyl isocyanate (MIC) plant was introduced to the site. Prior to 1979, the methyl isocyanate was imported from its parent company in the United States and India was one of the three dozen countries whereby the parent company had affiliates and business interest.It was stated that the UCC had done extensive research on the chemical and had sufficient knowledge on handling the chemical. Methyl Isocyanate, one of the m any intermediates used in pesticides is known to be a very hazardous chemical which weighs much lighter than water but twice the weight of air. In the event that the gas escapes to the atmosphere, it will remain close to ground and this highly sensitive chemical can react with many substances which could cause serious damage.UCIL was proud to celebrate its 50th anniversary in 1984 and was making sales of approximately $200 million annually whereby 14 plants were being operated and it was segregated into 5 operating divisions making it a diversified manufacturing concern. The shares were publicly traded on the Stock Exchange 24% of these shares were owned by government run insurance companies whilst 50. 9% of the shares were owned by UCC as part of a corporate global business strategy. http://www. wikipedia. org/bhopaldisaster Due to its centralized location in India which gave it a competitive edge, Bhopal was chosen as the site for the UCIL’s plant.Transporting products were eased by the existence of railway systems that spanned around the country which evidently brought to extensive cost savings. Furthermore, the location of the plant being situated nearby a large lake guaranteed sufficient water supple for the chemical processes. Electricity needs were also available in Bhopal to supply enough electricity to the plant that enabled the plant to operate 24 hours. The origin on the Bhopal plant was to supply pesticide in order to protect the Indian agricultural production.These pesticides were made to cater to the Indian market and to gain the ability to transform its agricultural sector into a modern activity. No doubt the benefits, the plant also had its perks. India is still nonetheless a developing country which at current still lacks the infrastructure necessary to support this chemical plant. Nevertheless, companies invested in the plant failing to realize the flaws in the infrastructure. The impracticality of the plant’s management brought the creation of a low cost plant with minimal safety features. UCIL also had weak policies, procedures and regulations for their workers.The management’s goals and missions were set beyond the plant’s capability and this is said to be one of the main causes of the tragedy. 4. Industrial Processes and Operation Union Carbide is a known plant that produces the pesticide plant in the Indian City of Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh for agriculture purposes in India. Using MIC as an intermediate, an alternative trademark brand name for carbaryl is also known as Sevin. Until 1979, MIC was imported from the United States of America. Bayer, another known manufacturer successfully produced carbaryl without using MIC which evidently led to a greater manufacturing cost.Methyl isocyanate (MIC) is an organic compound that consists of molecules and in 1888, it was discovered as an ester of isocyanic acid. The production of carbate pesticides such as carbaryl, carbofuran, methomyl and aldicar b is an intermediate chemical of Methyl isocyanate. These pesticides were also being used in the production of rubber and adhesives. Methyl isocyanate is a very hazardous chemical which can lead to chronic diseases and death. The chemical process or route that was used in Bhopal plant was to form a reaction between the methylamine with phosgene which could bring to the production of methyl isocyanate.Subsequently, this methyl isocyanate was then reacted with 1 – naphthol to form the end product. This route varies from the MIC free route used elsewhere in which the similar raw materials are used but in a different manufacturing order. This process would begin by forming a reaction between the phosgene and naphtol to produce chloroformate ester which would then be reacter with methyl amine. Either one of these processes would require the chemicals to be stored in large tanks. In the operational side, the plant workers were encouraged to use English manuals, even though only a m inority of them had a grasp of the language.Only six of the original twelve operators remained in service with MIC by 1984. There were no personnel to take on the position of a maintenance supervisor to be placed on the night duty and furthermore, instrument readings were only taken every two hours which differs from the normal practice. Through a union, workers made a strike and complained about these difficulties but no attention was given to them. http://www. wikipedia. org/bhopaldisaster The refrigeration system was designed to inhibit the volatilization of MIC whereby based on the manuals, it was advised that the MIC should be kept at 20 degrees.However, since May 1984 this refrigeration system had been shut down in Bhopal. Current practice shows that the methyl isocyanate should be kept below 5C and should be checked on all the time. Steam boilers were also used for the purposes of cleaning the pipes. 5. Risks that Lead to the Accident Bhopal gas disaster was an industrial tra gedy that took place at a Union Carbide pesticide plant in the city of Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh. At midnight on 3rd December 1984, it was reported that the plant had accidently released Methyl isocyanate gas and this mishap was exposed to more than 500,000 people.Official death toll announced by the government of Madhya Pradesh confirmed that a total of 3,787 deaths were the result of this gas tragedy. Factors leading to this tremendous gas leak include the use of hazardous chemicals such as MIC instead of a less dangerous but more expensive chemical. It was also noted that the flare tower and the vent gas scrubber had been dysfunctional for the past 5 months before the disaster took place. This eventually led to the gas scrubber not performing its function to treat the escaping gases with sodium hydroxide that subsequently brought the concentration down to a safe level.Investigations in the aftermath of the disaster pointed out that even if the scrubber was in a good working conditio n, the disaster would not have been prevailed as the maximum pressure it could handle was only one-quarter of that which was present in the mishap. Improper designing of the flare tower itself contributed to the tragedy as the tower could only support one-quarter of the volume of gas that was leaked in 1984. Since the cease of production in the early 1980’s, the maintenance of the plant has continuously deteriorated up to an intolerable limit which resulted in the failure of several safety systems.The steam boiler which existed to clean the pipes was out of service for reasons which are unknown. Furthermore, the omission of the slip blind plates installation has played its role in causing this disaster. This omission had incidentally led to a large amount water from the pipe cleanings to leak into the MIC tanks through faulty valves leading the temperature to rise to a level whereby the tank was not designed to support that subsequently resulted in a large amount of toxic gas es to be released..The MIC tank itself has been malfunctioned for roughly a week which caused other tanks to be used in that week. Instead of taking corrective action and repairing the dysfunctional tank, it was just left to â€Å"stew†. Overall to conclude, the build up in temperature and pressure was strongly believed to be the cause in the magnitude of the toxic gas released. Economic conditions also played its part in contributing to this mishap. It was said that the leaking of the large amount of water into the MIC tank was also due to bad maintenance and leaking valves.The pipes were not repaired as it was believed to be very costly and time consuming. Safety systems including the MIC tank refrigeration systems were also shut down to in order to bring cost savings and it is of the opinion that the MIC refrigeration system alone would have prevented the tragedy from happening. http://www. wisegeek. com/what-was-the-bhopal-disaster. htm Material corroding that took place in the pipelines was also the contributing factor to this disaster. Carbon steel valves that were being used in the factory would corrode when exposed to acid.Based on investigations, a leaking of carbon steel valves was found on the night of the disaster. Overall, several factors led to this industrial disaster namely caused by poor maintenance and regulations. 6. Consequences of the effect of the accident The Bhopal disaster can be said to be one of the world’s worst catastrophe that took place at the Union Carbide pesticide plant in the city of Bhopal, India. On 3rd December 1984, the plant released MIC and other toxic gases exposing more than 500,000 people.The city of Bhopal was surrounded with a mixture of poisonous gases causing great panic as people woke up with burning sensations in their lungs. Based on the government of Madhya Pradesh, the effect of the hazardous gas had caused 3,787 confirmed deaths and leaving many trampled in panic. Other sources estimated that around 8,000 people died within the next 72 hours from gas related diseases and roughly 100,000 – 200,000 people are estimated to have permanent injuries at different degrees. http://www1. american. edu/ted/bhopal. htmMass funerals and cremations were taking place as well as disposal of bodies in the Namada River. The health care system became tremendously overloaded as approximately 170,000 people required treatments at hospitals and temporary dispensaries. Authorities had marked 36 wards as being â€Å"gas affected†. Acute symptoms from the gases are burning in the respiratory tract, eyes, breathlessness, vomiting and choking which ultimately led to death. Humans were not the only ones affected from this terrible tragedy. Approximately 2,000 buffaloes, goats and other animals’ carcasses were collected and buried.The effect on trees could be seen immediately as the leaves yellowed and fell of within a few days. Food supplies became scarce due to the fear being felt by suppliers. Further shortages were also caused once fishing activities was prohibited. http://www. bhopal. com/pdfs/browning. pdf Overall, this mishap has brought fear and has frightened many people as the Bhopal city was turned into a toxic city. A settlement was finally concluded in 1989, whereby UCC agreed to pay the Indian government a sum of $470 million in full and final settlement of its civil liability. After the lap f 25 years, 390 tons of toxic chemicals were left neglected at the plant which continued to pollute the ground water which affected thousands of residents who relied on it. 7. Improvements to prevent the accident Substantive investigations pointed out that the main reason which escalated this disaster is due to the management’s intention on reducing their expenses. The design of the plant had been modified by the Indian engineers in order to bring cost savings. This practice should be improvised and the plant should be designed thoroughly and prope rly to support the volume of production and the type of chemical produced.A contributing factor to the tragedy was weak management practices that should be made more stringent. A proactive policy should be adopted whereby dysfunctional items and parts of the plant should be fixed immediately instead of prolonging the situation despite it being costly and time consuming. Strict maintenance should be carried out on a routine basis and the MIC tanks should be continuously monitored to ensure that all processes are smooth going. Rules and regulations set for the plant should be adhered and complied to prevent any setbacks. ttp://www. wisegeek. com/what-was-the-bhopal-disaster. htm As the plant’s production involves a hazardous chemical, more experienced workers in dealing with such reactive chemicals should be hired instead on focusing on low labor cost. Trainings should be provided continuously to improve their expertise. Furthermore, extensive research and studies on how to han dle chemicals of this sort should be carried out prior to any processes to ensure that the staff has sufficient knowledge on what to do and what to expect.Despite sufficient trainings and research, mishaps can occur any at given time. Following that, it is always best to have a detailed contingency and back up plans in order to contain any rotten situation. A good practice is always to expect the unexpected in order to be ready for mishaps. This tragedy has affected the lives of many in the Bhopal city. It is recommended that such factories as this plant should not be located in residential areas and best located in the outskirts to prevent residents being exposed to toxic gases.Ultimately, this disaster would have been prevailed with good management practices, abiding to rules and regulations set and also focusing on safety systems instead of cost savings. http://www1. american. edu/ted/bhopal. htm * 8. Conclusion * The Bhopal gas disaster marked one of the most tragic accidents in the world. The pesticide plant in Bhopal, India was managed by UCIL, a subsidiary of the UCC, had begun the production of a hazardous chemical, methyl isocyanate in 1979. The findings from this research pointed out that UCIL had weak policies and regulations and was prioritizing more on cost savings at the expense of the plant’s safety. The operational side of the plant was suffering from lack of staff namely there was no maintenance supervisor responsible to monitor the MIC tanks. Furthermore, critical parts of the plants were being left unattended when it was dysfunctional due to it being costly and time consuming to repair. Safety systems of the plant were being comprised in order to reduce expenses. * * To conclude, the main improvement to be done is to emphasize on the plants design to support the volume and type of production.Stringent policies and regulations should be set and adhered to in order to prevent similar accidents. Management should divert from a cost savin gs mindset and priorities more on the plant’s safety systems. * Despite being 25 years since the incident, tons of toxic chemicals were still abandoned at the plant and continued to pollute the ground water that affected thousands of residents. Overall, this disaster has brought awareness that international standards for environmental safety should be enforced to prevent similar mishaps. .References 1. Bhopal disaster,online,retrieved 15 November 2009 from http://www. wikipedia. org/bhopaldisaster 2. Bhopal disaster, online, retrieved 15 November 2009 from http://www1. american. edu/ted/bhopal. htm 3. Jackson B. Browning 1993, Health, Safety and Environmental Programs Union Carbide Corporation, online, retrieved 16 November 2009 from http://www. bhopal. com/pdfs/browning. pdf 4. What was the Bhopal disaster, online, retrieved 18 November 2009 from http://www. wisegeek. com/what-was-the-bhopal-disaster. htm